Future Value Calculator

See what a lump sum grows to with compound interest. Enter an amount, a rate, and a time horizon — get the exact future value and a year-by-year breakdown. Under the hood it’s one exponent: (1 + r)n.

ClearPress Enter to calculate

How Future Value Works

Future value is what a sum of money today becomes after it grows at a fixed rate for a set time. The formula is an exponent: FV = PV × (1 + r/n)n·t, where PV is your starting amount, r is the annual rate (as a decimal), n is how many times a year it compounds, and t is the number of years. Compounding annually, that’s simply PV × (1 + r)t — which is exactly why a search like “1.07 to the power of 20” is really a future-value question in disguise.

Worked example: $10,000 at 7% for 20 years, compounded annually. The growth factor is 1.0720 = 3.8697, so the future value is 10,000 × 3.8697 = $38,696.84. You put in $10,000; compounding did the other $28,696.84.

Did You Know?

  • The “1% better every day” rule is just an exponent: 1.01365 = 37.8. Improve by 1% a day for a year and you end up almost 38× better. Slip 1% a day (0.99365) and you fall to 0.03 — near zero.
  • The doubling penny: a single penny that doubles every day becomes $5,368,709.12 on day 30 (that’s 229 cents). It’s the most vivid picture of exponential growth there is.
  • Rule of 72: divide 72 by the interest rate to estimate how long money takes to double. At 8%, that’s 72 ÷ 8 = 9 years — and the exact exponent math agrees almost perfectly (9.01 years).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the future value formula?

Future value is FV = PV × (1 + r/n)n·t — starting amount times one plus the periodic rate, raised to the number of periods.

What will $10,000 be worth in 20 years at 7%?

Compounded annually, it grows to $38,696.84, because 1.0720 ≈ 3.8697.

Does compounding frequency matter?

Yes, a little. $1,000 at 7% for 10 years is $1,967.15 compounded annually, but $2,009.66 compounded monthly — the more often it compounds, the more you get.

References & Further Reading

Related